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This paper aims to analyse the influence of perceived value (PV), sensation seeking (SS) and low crowding (LC) on the satisfaction and behavioural intention (BI) of Indian pilgrim tourists to Kartarpur Corridor, Pakistan. In addition, it identifies the mediation effect of satisfaction in the structural relationship between PV, SS and LC as exogenous variables and BI as an endogenous variable.

By using convenience sampling, out of 510 questionnaires distributed among the Indian pilgrim tourists returning from Kartarpur Sahib, Pakistan, a total of 404 completely filled surveys were used to evaluate the robustness of the theoretical framework. Data analysis and empirical testing of the suggested model are conducted using descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling.

The results reveal that PV, SS and LC positively affect the satisfaction of tourists crossing an international boundary, while satisfaction is the positive and significant antecedent of BI. Moreover, the indirect effects of PV, SS and LC on BI via satisfaction are found to be significant.

The previous literature has not paid much attention to the satisfaction and BI of tourists crossing an international border. The present article contributes to the existing volume of knowledge related to the satisfaction and BI of cross-border tourists. The study results may be useful for tourism marketers to better understand the factors that affect the satisfaction and BI of cross-border tourists.

(PV)、寻求感觉 (SS) 和低拥挤度 (LC) 对前往巴基斯坦 Kartarpur 走廊的印度朝圣游客的满意度和行为意向 (BI) 的影响。此外, 它确定了满意度在 PV、SS 和 LC 之间的结构关系中的中介作用作为外生变量, BI 作为内生变量。

通过便利抽样, 在从巴基斯坦 Kartarpur Sahib 返回的印度朝圣游客中分发的 510 份问卷中, 共有 404 份完全填写的调查被用来评估理论框架的稳健性。使用描述性统计、验证性因素分析 (CFA) 和结构方程模型 (SEM) 对建议模型进行数据分析和实证检验。

结果表明, 感知价值、寻求感觉和低拥挤度对跨越国际边界的游客的满意度有积极影响, 而满意度是行为意图的积极和重要的先决条件。此外, 感知价值、感觉寻求和低拥挤度通过满意度对行为意图的间接影响被发现是显着的。

以前的文献并没有太多关注游客穿越国际边界的满意度和行为意图。本文有助于增加与跨境游客的满意度和行为意图相关的现有知识量。研究结果可能有助于旅游营销人员更好地了解影响跨境游客满意度和行为意向的因素。

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la influencia del valor percibido (VP), la búsqueda de sensaciones (SS) y el bajo nivel de aglomeración percibido (BA) en la satisfacción y la intención de comportamiento (IC) de los turistas peregrinos indios en Kartarpur, Pakistán. Adicionalmente, identifica el efecto mediador de la satisfacción en la relación estructural entre VP, SS y BA, como variables exógenas, e IC, como variable endógena.

Mediante un muestreo de conveniencia, de los 510 cuestionarios distribuidos entre los turistas peregrinos indios que regresaban de Kartarpur Sahib, Pakistán, se utilizaron un total de 404 cuestionarios, completamente cumplimentados, para evaluar la solidez del marco teórico. El análisis de datos y la evaluación empírica del modelo propuesto se realizan mediante estadística descriptiva, análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC) y modelos de ecuaciones estructurales (MEE).

Los resultados revelan que el valor percibido, la búsqueda de sensaciones y el bajo nivel de aglomeración afectan positivamente a la satisfacción de los turistas transfronterizos, mientras que la satisfacción es el antecedente positivo y significativo de la intención de comportamiento. Además, son significativos los efectos indirectos del valor percibido, la búsqueda de sensaciones y el bajo nivel de aglomeración sobre la intención de comportamiento, a través de la satisfacción.

La literatura no ha prestado mucha atención a la satisfacción y la intención de comportamiento de los turistas peregrinos que cruzan una frontera internacional. El presente artículo contribuye al conocimiento existente relacionado con la satisfacción y la intención de comportamiento de los turistas transfronterizos. Los resultados del estudio pueden ser útiles para que los especialistas en marketing turístico internacional comprendan mejor los factores que afectan a la satisfacción y la intención de comportamiento de los turistas transfronterizos.

This paper aims to analyse the changes in the extent of the green space in the city of Srinagar, a unique urban Himalayan destination, and examine whether the difference in the green space has a significant effect on the destination business performance measured in terms of loss of ecological attractiveness.

This study was carried out in two phases in the study area. In phase I, the changes in the extent of the green space area were analysed using Landsat TM and Sentinel Images for classification. The study has used the period from 2001 to 2018 to understand changes in the green space. The Post-Classification Comparison technique was used to investigate the variation in the green space zones in the city of Srinagar. In phase II, the paper evaluated the impact of change in the green space on the destination business performance. The data was collected from the tour operation companies through a questionnaire survey, and the impact path was examined using structural equation modelling.

Results reveal that the green space in the city of Srinagar has decreased over the past 18 years, and the decreasing green space has a significant effect on the destination business performance.

Identifying the impact of decreasing green space on the destination business performance of the study area under investigation is essential for tourism development both in terms of new product development and resource preservation. Developing a measurement scale showing the impact of decreasing green space on destination business performance could offer destination managers a means of identifying the essence of the green space in the destination regions. These findings add to the growing literature on the attributes of tourism destinations, providing scholars with new insights into the role of green space in destination performance. The current study offers evidence of the impact of decreasing green space on the destination's performance. This provides a new perspective for future studies on visitor satisfaction as a potential mediator of the relationship between reducing greenspace and destination business performance. The main limitation of this study is that the researchers have only analysed the impact of decreasing green space on the destination business performance in terms of its ecological competitiveness. Other destinations business performance verticals, such as hotels, restaurants and grocery stores were not considered by this study and can be taken up for future investigation.

This study provides empirical insights that can have significant implications for researchers, policymakers, destination management organizations, academia and practitioners and further enrich the existing literature by establishing an empirical argument in the context of urban destinations positioned with a fragile Himalayan ecosystem.

This study aims to assist the urban administrators in improving the green space ecosystem in the region, which can help attain the sustainability of the city environment and assist in economic regeneration in urban settings.

Many tourism academics have investigated the linkages between tourism, power and space; few have specifically addressed the profound links between tourism and geopolitics. In view of the restrictive assumptions of the linear framework used in the earlier studies, and hidden asymmetries present in the time series data. Against this backdrop, the study tries to find out how tourists may respond differently to favourable and unfavourable shocks in geopolitical risk (GPR).

In order to capture this asymmetric nature of the problem, the study employs the non-linear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) model to evaluate data from 2001Q1 to 2019Q4.

The results show that both positive and negative shock to GPR does not produce results of equal magnitude. A positive shock to GPR has a more detrimental effect on foreign tourist arrivals (FTA) than a beneficial effect a negative shock produces. Besides this, the present study also looks at the effect of other macro-economic variables on FTA. An ascend in the real effective exchange rate (REER) i.e. appreciation of the domestic currency has an unfavourable impact on foreign visitor arrivals, while an increase in world gross domestic product amplify it. The results of the study are robust to alternative measures of the control variable.

The study is significant for policymakers in understanding the short and long-run implications of GPR on FTA in India. The present study can assist policymakers, and destination managers to manage the external and internal risks and minimise the consequences of geopolitical threats on the Indian tourism industry. Consequently, destination managers can utilise the study's findings in calibrating their operations and designing crisis marketing strategies within the geopolitical dynamics of the Indian state.

The study tries to find out how tourists may exhibit distinct reactions to positive and negative disturbances in GPR. The study provides first-hand evidence of how GPR impacts tourism demand. The paper also includes the existing body of literature related to GPR factors and their effect on tourist influx, specifically in the framework of the Indian tourism sector.

This study explores the tourists' behavioral intention toward tasting ethnic food by proposing 'enjoyment’ as an indirect mechanism in improvising the model of Wang. In other words, when affective and cognitive components are triggered positively while reading online gastronomy reviews on social media platforms, enjoyment is aroused, subsequently enhancing the desire to taste ethnic foods displayed online.

Data from 385 visitors from Kashmir, India, were gathered using a purposive sample technique. The research model was put to the test using PLS-SEM.

Direct and indirect mechanisms influence Behavioral Intention. Enjoyment acts as a mediator. Overall, the results validated the presence of three direct and full mediation paths.

This study will help tourism practitioners justify their promotional activities on social networking sites, particularly in endorsing regional ethnic dishes. For example, tourism authorities could collaborate with bloggers on social media and offer incentives to promote attractive images of ethnic food. Similarly, ethnic food outlets can improve online exposure and interactivity by encouraging travelers to leave feedback after visits.

Unlike other studies, this research broadens our understanding by focusing on direct and indirect mechanisms. The inclusion of a mediator enhanced the total variance of the dependent variable.

Underpinned by affective events theory (AET), this paper examines the effect of coworker friendship on coworker incivility in family-style restaurants. Furthermore, this paper seeks the mediation effect of positive workplace gossip.

Using a time-lagged approach, 83 headwaiters and 326 servers at family-style restaurants located in Port Said and Ismailia responded, and their responses were analyzed using AMOS v. 24.

Multigroup analysis findings proved that coworker friendship increased positive workplace gossip in favor of the server sample. At the same time, the latter decreased coworker incivility in favor of the headwaiter sample. Besides, positive workplace gossip partially mediated the coworker friendship–incivility association in favor of the server sample. Furthermore, incivility levels increase between married coworkers and their peers in favor of the server sample.

From the AET lens, this paper offers valuable insights into affective and emotional reactions to closest coworkers' judgmental behavior in the restaurant industry.